http://192.168.1.40:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1133 Sun, 31 May 2026 13:43:14 GMT 2026-05-31T13:43:14Z http://192.168.1.40:80/xmlui/bitstream/id/65d9a1d2-19be-4587-8d69-c7b1598fcd5c/APAL1.jpg http://192.168.1.40:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1133 http://192.168.1.40:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1863 Agronomic, genetic and molecular characterization of MYMIV-tolerant mutant lines of Vigna mungo Kundagrami, S.; Basak, Jolly; Maiti, S.; Kundu, A.; Das, Biswajit; Ghose, T. K.; Pal, A. The Mungbean Yellow Mosaic India Virus (MYMIV), transmitted through Bemisia tabaci causes severe damage in several grain legrnnes. Three mutant MYMIVtolerant lines, namely, VM 1, VM 4 and VM 6, along with the susceptible Vigna mungo cultivar T9 were characterized. The objective of this study was to evaluate these three MYMIV-tolerant lines in comparison to the susceptible cv. T9 on the performance of eight agro-morphological traits. The four genotypes were grown in a randomized complete block design and combined analysis of variance over two years was carried out. The analysis of variance for individual years showed significant differences between these two genotypes for two traits in two consecutive years. However, combined analysis of variance over two years showed that except for few traits, there were no significant differences in other major traits amongst the genotypes. Genetic control ofMYMIV-resistance was re-evaluated and confirmed a monogenic recessive nature. The molecular analysis revealed defect in the NB-ARC domain of putative disease resistance (R) gene in the susceptible cv.T9. VVhile NB-ARC domains of all the MYMIV-tolerant mutant lines have conunon fllllctional motifs. PreslllTIably, the susceptibility of cultivar T9 is due to the limitation in transcript formation for the R-gene, which otherwise is a high yielding superior cultivar. Therefore, MYMIVtolerant lines may prove useful to the plant breeders for further improvement towards sustainable agriculture. doi: 10. 3923/ijpbg.2009.1.10 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 00:00:00 GMT http://192.168.1.40:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1863 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z http://192.168.1.40:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1843 Bamboo taxonomy and diversity in the era of molecular markers Das, Malay; Bhattacharya, Samik; Singh, Paramjit; Filgueiras, Tarciso S.; Pal, Amita A total of similar to 1400 species of bamboos are grouped under the sub-family Bambusoideae within the family Poaceae. The plant group harbours both herbaceous and woody members while the taxonomy has traditionally been dependent oil morphological characters. Classification systems proposed to date need further support, and taxonomic delineation at lower levels often lack Sufficient resolution. Infrequent flowering events and extensive genome polyploidization are in additional challenge for the woody group. The tremendous advancement Of molecular marker technologies holds the promise to address different needs of bamboo taxonomy (systematics and identification) and diversity Studies. One of the most important prerequisites is 10 apply the appropriate molecular tool at the proper taxonomic level. More Studies are required to better understand the population level genetic diversity in bamboo. DOI: 10.1016/S0065-2296(08)00005-0 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 00:00:00 GMT http://192.168.1.40:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1843 2008-01-01T00:00:00Z http://192.168.1.40:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1838 Conservation of Swertia chirata through direct shoot multiplication from leaf explants Chaudhuri, Rituparna Kundu; Pal, Amita; Jha, Timir Baran Swertia chirata is an endangered gentian species that prefers to grow at higher altitudes. This ethnomedicinal herb is known primarily for its bitter taste caused by the presence of important phytochemicals that are directly associated with human health benefits. Due to a continuous loss of habitat and inherent problems of seed viability and seed germination, alternative strategies for propagation and conservation are urgently required to prevent the possible extinction of this species. We have formulated a reproducible protocol for the rapid propagation and conservation of this plant using leaves taken from in vitro shoot cultures. Direct induction of more than seven shoot buds per explant was achieved for the first time when the explants were placed on MS medium supplemented with 2.22 mu M N-6-benzyladenine, 11.6 mu M kinetin, and 0.5 mu M alpha-naphthalene acetic acid. Direct organogenesis was noted exclusively from the adaxial surface of the basal segments of leaves. Leaves closer to the apical meristem were more responsive than those farther away from the meristem. Plants raised through direct organogenesis were evaluated for their clonal fidelity by chromosomal analysis and DNA fingerprinting. Complete plants were successfully transferred to the field condition and produced viable seeds. Given the enormous potential of this age-old medicinal plant in terms of potential health-benefitting drugs, this protocol can be used for commercial propagation purposes and to initiate future genetic improvement studies. DOI: 10.1007/s11816-008-0064-5 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 00:00:00 GMT http://192.168.1.40:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1838 2008-08-01T00:00:00Z http://192.168.1.40:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1832 Quassin alters the immunological patterns of murine macrophages through generation of nitric oxide to exert antileishmanial activity Bhattacharjee, Surajit; Gupta, Gaurav; Bhattacharya, Parna; Mukherjee, Asok; Mujumdar, Suchandra Bhattacharyya; Pal, Amita; Majumdar, Subrata Objectives: The aim of this study was to characterize the in vitro antileishmanial activity of quassin, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine. Methods: The cytotoxic effect of quassin was studied in murine peritoneal macrophages at various concentrations using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide method. The role of quassin as an antileishmanial agent was evaluated by microscopic counting of intracellular amastigotes in macrophages stained with Giemsa. To understand the effector mechanism of quassin-treated macrophages against leishmanial parasites, western blot and real-time PCR analysis of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase 2 (iNOS2) were done followed by measurement of NO generation by Griess reaction. The effect of quassin on the production of Th1 cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-12 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and Th2 cytokines such as IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β was measured by ELISA, and the mRNA expression of these cytokines was analysed by real-time PCR. Results: Quassin at a dose of 25 μg/mL (64.36 μM) showed less cytotoxicity to the host murine peritoneal macrophages but at the same dose was effective enough to control the intracellular parasitic load compared with higher doses of quassin. Leishmania donovani is known to exert its pathogenic effects mainly by the suppression of NO generation and subversion of the cellular inflammatory responses in the macrophages. Quassin was found to induce a potent host-protective immune response by enhancing NO generation and iNOS2 expression both at a protein and mRNA level and by up-regulating pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-12 in L. donovani -infected macrophages with concurrent inhibition of anti-inflammatory responses. Conclusions: These findings strongly support the effectiveness of quassin as a potent immunomodulatory tool for controlling the establishment of leishmanial parasite within the host macrophages. DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkn479 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 00:00:00 GMT http://192.168.1.40:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1832 2009-02-01T00:00:00Z